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| ====== Xiuhpohualli ====== | ====== Xiuhpohualli ====== |
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| The **Xiuhpohualli**, meaning "count of years" in Nahuatl[(https://nahuatl.wired-humanities.org/content/xiuhpohualli)], is a 365-day calendar used by the Mexica and other pre-Columbian Nahua peoples in central Mexico. It is composed of eighteen 20-day "months," called veintenas, cempoalilhuitl (Nahuatl for 20 days)[(https://nahuatl.wired-humanities.org/content/cempohualilhuitl)], or mētztli (the contemporary Nahuatl word for month), and an intercalary period at the end of the year called the nemontemi. | The **Xiuhpohualli**, meaning "count of years" in Nahuatl[(https://nahuatl.wired-humanities.org/content/xiuhpohualli)], is a 365-day calendar used by the Mexica and other pre-Columbian Nahua peoples in central Mexico. It is composed of eighteen 20-day "months," called veintenas, cempoalilhuitl (Nahuatl for 20 days)[(https://nahuatl.wired-humanities.org/content/cempohualilhuitl)], or metztli (the contemporary Nahuatl word for month), and a 5-day intercalary period at the end of the year called the nemontemi. |
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| Consisting of 365 days, the Xiuhpohualli tracks the sun and the seasons consistently and is easy to correlate to the Gregorian calendar. On leap years, a sixth day is added to the nemontemi, but whether this is an innovation introduced during colonization or an original part of the Xiuhpohualli is unclear. The [[Tonalpohualli]], a 260 day calendar, serves to describe days and track a different sacred cycle. The calendars serve different functions and complement each other. | Consisting of 365 days, the Xiuhpohualli tracks the sun and the seasons consistently and is easy to correlate to the Gregorian calendar. On leap years, a sixth day is added to the nemontemi, but whether this is an innovation introduced during colonization or an original part of the Xiuhpohualli is unclear. The [[Tonalpohualli]], a 260 day calendar, serves to describe days and track a different sacred cycle. The calendars serve different functions and complement each other. |
| ^ Number ^ Name ^ Gregorian Date ^ [[teteo|Teotl]] ^ | ^ Number ^ Name ^ Gregorian Date ^ [[teteo|Teotl]] ^ |
| |1 | Tlacaxipehualiztli "The Flaying of People" | 3/21-4/9 | [[Xipe Totec]] | | |1 | Tlacaxipehualiztli "The Flaying of People" | 3/21-4/9 | [[Xipe Totec]] | |
| |2 | Tozoztontli "The Perforation" | 4/10-4/29 | [[Centeotl]], [[Tlaloc]], [[Chicomecoatl]] and [[Coatlicue]] | | |2 | Tozoztontli "The Small Perforation" | 4/10-4/29 | [[Centeotl]], [[Tlaloc]], [[Chicomecoatl]] and [[Coatlicue]] | |
| |3 | Huey Tozoztli "The Great Perforation" | 4/30-5/19 | [[Tlaloc]] and [[Toci]] | | |3 | Huey Tozoztli "The Great Perforation" | 4/30-5/19 | [[Tlaloc]] and [[Toci]] | |
| |4 | Toxcatl "Dryness" | 5/20-6/8 | [[Tezcatlipoca]] | | |4 | Toxcatl "Dryness" | 5/20-6/8 | [[Tezcatlipoca]] | |
| |6 | Tecuilhuitontli "Small Feast of the Rulers" | 6/29-7/18 | [[Xochipilli]] and [[Huixtocihuatl]] | | |6 | Tecuilhuitontli "Small Feast of the Rulers" | 6/29-7/18 | [[Xochipilli]] and [[Huixtocihuatl]] | |
| |7 | Huey Tecuilhuitl "Great Feast of the Rulers" | 7/19-8/7 | [[Xilonen]] | | |7 | Huey Tecuilhuitl "Great Feast of the Rulers" | 7/19-8/7 | [[Xilonen]] | |
| |8 | Miccailhuitontli "Feast of the Dead", Tlaxochimaco "The Gathering of Flowers" | 8/8-8/27 | [[Tezcatlipoca]] and [[Huitzilopochtli]] | | |8 | Miccailhuitontli "Small Feast of the Dead", Tlaxochimaco "The Gathering of Flowers" | 8/8-8/27 | [[Tezcatlipoca]] and [[Huitzilopochtli]] | |
| |9 | Huey Miccailhuitontli "Great Feast of the Dead", Xocotl Huetzi "The Falling of Fruit" | 8/28-9/16 | [[Xiuhtecuhtli]] | | |9 | Huey Miccailhuitl "Great Feast of the Dead", Xocotl Huetzi "The Falling of Fruit" | 8/28-9/16 | [[Xiuhtecuhtli]] | |
| |10 | Ochpaniztli "Sweeping" | 9/17-10/6 | [[Toci]], [[Tlazolteotl]] and [[earth gods|earthly Teteoh]] | | |10 | Ochpaniztli "Sweeping" | 9/17-10/6 | [[Toci]], [[Tlazolteotl]] and [[earth gods|earthly Teteoh]] | |
| |11 | Teotleco "The Return of the Teteoh" | 10/7-10/26 | All Teteoh | | |11 | Teotleco "The Return of the Teteoh" | 10/7-10/26 | All Teteoh | |
