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| ====== The Thirteen Heavens ====== | ====== The Thirteen Heavens ====== |
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| The **Thirteen Heavens** are theological locations. The Nahua people such as the Aztecs, Chichimecs and the Toltecs believed that the heavens were constructed and separated into 13 levels, usually called Topan or simply each one Ilhuicatl iohhui, Ilhuicatl iohtlatoquiliz. Each level had from one to many Lords (gods) living in and ruling them. | The **Thirteen Heavens** are theological locations. The Nahua people believed that the heavens were constructed and separated into 13 levels, usually called Topan or simply each one Ilhuicatl iohhui, Ilhuicatl iohtlatoquiliz. Each level had from one to many [[teteo|Lords]] living in and ruling them. |
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| In Aztec mythology, the Thirteen Heavens were formed out of Cipactli's head when the gods made creation out of its body, whereas Tlaltícpac, the earth, was made from its center and the nine levels of the underworld (Mictlan) from its tail. | In mythology, the Thirteen Heavens were formed out of [[Cipactli]]'s head when the Gods made creation out of Its body, whereas Tlaltícpac, the earth, was made from Its center and the nine levels of the underworld (Mictlan) from Its tail. |
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| The most important of these heavens was Omeyocan (Place of Two), where Ometeotl - the dual Lord/Lady, creator of the Dual-Genesis who, as male, takes the name Ometecuhtli (Two Lord), and as female is named Omecihuatl (Two Lady) - resided. | The most important of these heavens was Omeyocan (Place of Two), where the dual Lord and Lady, Ometecuhtli (Two Lord) and Omecihuatl (Two Lady), resided. |
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| ^ Number ^ Names ^ Translation ^ Dwellers ^ | ^ Number ^ Names ^ Translation ^ Dwellers ^ Description ^ |
| | 1 | Ilhuicatl-Meztli, Ilhuicatl-Tlalocan-Meztli, Ilhuicatl-Tlaloc-Meztli, Ilhuicatl-Tlalocan | "Sky where the moon moves" | Meztli, moon goddess (Moon). | | 1 | Ilhuicatl-Meztli, Ilhuicatl-Tlalocan-Meztli, Ilhuicatl-Tlaloc-Meztli, Ilhuicatl-Tlalocan | "Sky where the moon moves" or "Tlalocan" | [[Metztli]], lunar Gods, [[Tlaloc]], the [[Tlaloque]], [[Ehecatl]], the [[wind_gods|Ehecatotontli]]. | Here the moon and the clouds are in motion. | |
| As lunar phases: Tlazolteotl, Tiacapan, Ixcuina, and Tecotzin or Teicu | | 2 | Ilhuicatl-Tetlaliloc, Ilhuicatl-Cintlalco | "Sky where the stars move" | Citlalicue, Citlalatonac, Centzon Mimixcoa, Centzon Huitznahuac, the constellation Gods. | Here the stars are in motion. | |
| [[Tlaloc]]. In this layer he pierces the "clouds' bellies" to make them rain. | | 3 | Ilhuicatl-Tonatiuh | "Sky where the Sun moves" | [[Tonatiuh]], [[Nanahuatzin]]. | Western sky where the sun travels before submerging into Mictlan. | |
| [[Ehecatl]]. In this layer he blows the clouds with his breath (breezes) to make them move. | | 4 | Ilhuicatl-Huitztlan | "Sky of the Big Star" | [[Tlahuizcalpantecuhtli]], [[Huixtocihuatl]]. | The way of Venus. | |
| The Ehecatotontli, gods of the breezes: | | 5 | Ilhuicatl-Mamaloaco | "Sky that is sinking or being drilled" | Citlalicue, Citlalatonac, the comet Gods. | Here the comets (called citlallinpopoca or also citlalmina or xihuitl, depending on their shape) are in motion. | |
| Mictlanpachecatl, god of the north wind. | | 6 | Ilhuicatl-Yayauhco | "Dark green sky" | [[Tezcatlipoca]]. | Place from where the night comes and spreads. | |
| Cihuatecayotl, god of the west wind. | | 7 | Ilhuicatl-Xoxoauhco, Ilhuicatl-Xoxoco, Ilhuicatl-Xoxoauhqui | "Blue sky" | [[Huitzilopochtli]]. | Here the sun shows its face at dawn. Sky that is seeing during the day. | |
| Tlalocayotl, god of the east wind. | | 8 | Ilhuicatl-Nanatzcayan, Ilhuicatl-Itzapan-Nanatzcayan | "Sky where the obsidian knives are creaking" | [[Mictlantecuhtli]], [[Mictecacihuatl]], [[Itztlacoliuhqui]], [[Itzpapalotl]], [[Tlaloc]]. | Place of storms. Heavenly abode of the god of death from where the darkness comes. | |
| Huitztlampaehecatl, god of the south wind. | | | 9 | Ilhuicatl-Teoiztac, Ilhuicatl-Teoixtac | "White sky" | [[Quetzalcoatl]], the [[Tzitzimime]]. | Abode of the white god and stellar spirits. | |
| | 2 | | | | | 10 | Ilhuicatl-Teocozauhco | "Yellow sky" | [[Tonatiuh]]. | Eastern sky where the sun comes from and goes to the west. | |
| | 3 | | | | | 11 | Ilhuicatl-Teotlatlauhco, Ilhuicatl-Teotlauhco | "Red sky" | [[Xiuhtecuhtli]], [[Chantico]], the [[fire_gods|Xiuhtotontli]]. | Abode of the red god. Red sky with rays of light to express that the first creation of the world was the earthly fire. | |
| | 4 | | | | | 12 | Ilhuicatl-Teteocan | "Sky that is the place of the gods" | The [[tezcatlipoca#myths|Four Tezcatlipocas]]. | Residence of the Gods. | |
| | 5 | | | | | 13 | Ilhuicatl-Omeyocan | "Sky that is the Place of Two", "Place of Duality" | [[Ometecuhtli]] and [[Omecihuatl]], or [[Tonacatecuhtli]] and [[Tonacacihuatl]]. | Residence of the first Gods. | |
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